1. At first glance, it does seem a bit odd that the mother only warns Little Red against straying off the path lest the wine bottle is broken, but upon a closer look, I believe the mother is acting on her best discretion. And acting on one's discretion is perhaps one of the things that all societies share in common.
The mother of Little Red knows her personally. She understands what she likes, dislikes, respects, and cares about. In the tale, Little Red is portrayed to have a very close and amiable relationship with her grandmother. She is even named after the present that her grandmother gave her. Knowing that Little Red would always behave in a manner that ensures her grandmother's wellbeing, the mother warns Red against straying off the road lest the loss of grandmother's wine.
The mother does not warn Little Red of the wolf, or other potentially dangerous animals, because she thinks that Little Red would be distracted or frightened as she encounter these villains. The mother takes in account of Little Red's age. A young girl may act very irrationally while in great fear. So the mother makes no mention of the wolf.
The mother's mentality is similarly replicated throughout the world. In America for example, the political system is a Representative Democracy. The people select a group of elites who have the ability and knowledge to act in their best discretion to protect the rights of their people. Oftentimes, truths become hidden from the public, but for a good cause. Truth is not always good; in fact, truth can be counterproductive depending on circumstances of the situations. As can be seen in times of national crises, the leaders always seek to prevent a riot or a cluster of fear, to the extent that these leaders may lie. Fear is a natural human instinct, but it is definitely not a good one in times of emergency.
2. Although scholars have argued that Little Red contain gender and sexual symbolism, I believe it is mostly a coincidence. In literature, analytical and creative thinking is definitely cherished. But at times, there has to be a line drawn between insights and rubbish.
The scholars may argue that in many cultures, young girls are described as flowers. And the color red modifies passion, love, or romance. A red flower is often referred to as a red rose, which implies love, fire, and maybe even desire. On top of that, the tale describes Little Red as a young innocent girl. For people who believe that everything in our world must mean something, they might believe that Little Red is a symbol of a passionate young innocent girl, who is about to stumble into the world of love and romance. And the wolf on the other hand, is seen as a fierce, masculine animal, who preys and hunts on inexperienced targets. In many traditions, a wolf is described with an endless greed for food, analogous to the insatiable sexual hunger that strong young males are perceived to have.
Going along with the scholars' line of logic, the wolf dresses up as the granny and manipulates Little Red's naive mind. It is almost symbolic of a malicious male masking himself behind the internet while pretending to be someone they're not. And Little Red is symbolic of a passionate yet inexperienced teenage girl who is vulnerable to the potentially dangerous world of ours today. It is definitely not far fetched to draw the conclusion that Little Red has symbolic meanings, but I don't believe that is the story writer's intention to include such messages.
Back in the Qing Dynasty of China, writers and poets were under great scrutiny of government monitoring. They must watch exactly what they write in fear that a word, or a phrase in their writing may seem symbolic of things the government opposed. The government arrested and persecuted thousands of innocent people for producing or owning literature that coincidentally appeared to be symbolic evil.
Furthermore, Little Red is a popular story among many cultures. Consequently, the elements of the story may differ in meaning depending on which cultural belief the audience is perceiving the story from. To say that the creator of the original story intentionally included implicit sexual messages is a bit too unreasonable.
3. Aesop's Fables normally use the image of wolf as a stereotypical profile to convey a moral message in the end. In some stories, wolf is described as the malicious villain that attempts to prey upon the innocents, like in the fable where wolf is covered in sheepskin. And in some stories, wolf is a mere representation of a general sense of danger, like in the fable "The Shepherd Boy". And sometimes, the image of wolf is used as a stereotypically accused character, like in the fable "The Dog and The Wolf", and "The Wolf and the Crane". But what all these fables share in common, is the same stereotype that people choose to attribute to wolf.
Why don't they pick lions or tigers? Perhaps these creatures are even more fearsome than wolves. In the cartoon movies Ice Age, and Lion King, for example, wolves are treated with the same general stereotype as do Aesop's fables; animals who are more dangerous are not necessarily the bad guys. In general, the wolf image has been treated as a social cliche that people use and reuse over and over for the sake of convenience. It has become a symbol of greed, hunger and danger.
From Aesop's Fables
The Wolf and the Lamb
Once upon a time a Wolf was lapping at a spring on a hillside,
when, looking up, what should he see but a Lamb just beginning todrink a little lower down. "There's my supper," thought he, "if only I can find some excuse to seize it." Then he called out to the Lamb, "How dare you muddle the water from which I am drinking?"
"Nay, master, nay," said Lambikin; "if the water be muddy up
there, I cannot be the cause of it, for it runs down from you to
me."
"Well, then," said the Wolf, "why did you call me bad names
this time last year?"
"That cannot be," said the Lamb; "I am only six months old."
"I don't care," snarled the Wolf; "if it was not you it was
your father;" and with that he rushed upon the poor little Lamb
and
.WARRA WARRA WARRA WARRA WARRA
.ate her all up. But before she died she gasped out
."Any excuse will serve a tyrant."
The Wolf and the Crane
A Wolf had been gorging on an animal he had killed, whensuddenly a small bone in the meat stuck in his throat and he couldnot swallow it. He soon felt terrible pain in his throat, and ranup and down groaning and groaning and seeking for something torelieve the pain. He tried to induce every one he met to removethe bone. "I would give anything," said he, "if you would take itout." At last the Crane agreed to try, and told the Wolf to lieon his side and open his jaws as wide as he could. Then the Craneput its long neck down the Wolf's throat, and with its beakloosened the bone, till at last it got it out. "Will you kindly give me the reward you promised?" said theCrane. The Wolf grinned and showed his teeth and said: "Be content.You have put your head inside a Wolf's mouth and taken it outagain in safety; that ought to be reward enough for you." Gratitude and greed go not together.
The Wolf and the Kid
A Kid was perched up on the top of a house, and looking downsaw a Wolf passing under him. Immediately he began to revile andattack his enemy. "Murderer and thief," he cried, "what do youhere near honest folks' houses? How dare you make an appearancewhere your vile deeds are known?" "Curse away, my young friend," said the Wolf. "It is easy to be brave from a safe distance."
The Dog and the Wolf
A gaunt Wolf was almost dead with hunger when he happened tomeet a House-dog who was passing by. "Ah, Cousin," said the Dog."I knew how it would be; your irregular life will soon be the ruinof you. Why do you not work steadily as I do, and get your foodregularly given to you?" "I would have no objection," said the Wolf, "if I could onlyget a place." "I will easily arrange that for you," said the Dog; "come withme to my master and you shall share my work." So the Wolf and the Dog went towards the town together. On the way there the Wolf noticed that the hair on a certain part ofthe Dog's neck was very much worn away, so he asked him how thathad come about. "Oh, it is nothing," said the Dog. "That is only the placewhere the collar is put on at night to keep me chained up; itchafes a bit, but one soon gets used to it." "Is that all?" said the Wolf. "Then good-bye to you, MasterDog." Better starve free than be a fat slave.
The Wolf in Sheep's Clothing
A Wolf found great difficulty in getting at the sheep owing tothe vigilance of the shepherd and his dogs. But one day it foundthe skin of a sheep that had been flayed and thrown aside, so itput it on over its own pelt and strolled down among the sheep.The Lamb that belonged to the sheep, whose skin the Wolf waswearing, began to follow the Wolf in the Sheep's clothing; so,leading the Lamb a little apart, he soon made a meal off her, andfor some time he succeeded in deceiving the sheep, and enjoyinghearty meals. Appearances are deceptive.
The Shepherd's Boy
There was once a young Shepherd Boy who tended his sheep atthe foot of a mountain near a dark forest. It was rather lonelyfor him all day, so he thought upon a plan by which he could get alittle company and some excitement. He rushed down towards thevillage calling out "Wolf, Wolf," and the villagers came out tomeet him, and some of them stopped with him for a considerabletime. This pleased the boy so much that a few days afterwards hetried the same trick, and again the villagers came to his help.But shortly after this a Wolf actually did come out from theforest, and began to worry the sheep, and the boy of course criedout "Wolf, Wolf," still louder than before. But this time thevillagers, who had been fooled twice before, thought the boy wasagain deceiving them, and nobody stirred to come to his help. Sothe Wolf made a good meal off the boy's flock, and when the boycomplained, the wise man of the village said: "A liar will not be believed, even when he speaks the truth."
The Nurse and the Wolf
"Be quiet now," said an old Nurse to a child sitting on herlap. "If you make that noise again I will throw you to the Wolf." Now it chanced that a Wolf was passing close under the windowas this was said. So he crouched down by the side of the houseand waited. "I am in good luck to-day," thought he. "It is sureto cry soon, and a daintier morsel I haven't had for many a longday." So he waited, and he waited, and he waited, till at lastthe child began to cry, and the Wolf came forward before thewindow, and looked up to the Nurse, wagging his tail. But all theNurse did was to shut down the window and call for help, and thedogs of the house came rushing out. "Ah," said the Wolf as hegalloped away, "Enemies promises were made to be broken."
Once upon a time a Wolf was lapping at a spring on a hillside,
when, looking up, what should he see but a Lamb just beginning todrink a little lower down. "There's my supper," thought he, "if only I can find some excuse to seize it." Then he called out to the Lamb, "How dare you muddle the water from which I am drinking?"
"Nay, master, nay," said Lambikin; "if the water be muddy up
there, I cannot be the cause of it, for it runs down from you to
me."
"Well, then," said the Wolf, "why did you call me bad names
this time last year?"
"That cannot be," said the Lamb; "I am only six months old."
"I don't care," snarled the Wolf; "if it was not you it was
your father;" and with that he rushed upon the poor little Lamb
and
.WARRA WARRA WARRA WARRA WARRA
.ate her all up. But before she died she gasped out
."Any excuse will serve a tyrant."
The Wolf and the Crane
A Wolf had been gorging on an animal he had killed, whensuddenly a small bone in the meat stuck in his throat and he couldnot swallow it. He soon felt terrible pain in his throat, and ranup and down groaning and groaning and seeking for something torelieve the pain. He tried to induce every one he met to removethe bone. "I would give anything," said he, "if you would take itout." At last the Crane agreed to try, and told the Wolf to lieon his side and open his jaws as wide as he could. Then the Craneput its long neck down the Wolf's throat, and with its beakloosened the bone, till at last it got it out. "Will you kindly give me the reward you promised?" said theCrane. The Wolf grinned and showed his teeth and said: "Be content.You have put your head inside a Wolf's mouth and taken it outagain in safety; that ought to be reward enough for you." Gratitude and greed go not together.
The Wolf and the Kid
A Kid was perched up on the top of a house, and looking downsaw a Wolf passing under him. Immediately he began to revile andattack his enemy. "Murderer and thief," he cried, "what do youhere near honest folks' houses? How dare you make an appearancewhere your vile deeds are known?" "Curse away, my young friend," said the Wolf. "It is easy to be brave from a safe distance."
The Dog and the Wolf
A gaunt Wolf was almost dead with hunger when he happened tomeet a House-dog who was passing by. "Ah, Cousin," said the Dog."I knew how it would be; your irregular life will soon be the ruinof you. Why do you not work steadily as I do, and get your foodregularly given to you?" "I would have no objection," said the Wolf, "if I could onlyget a place." "I will easily arrange that for you," said the Dog; "come withme to my master and you shall share my work." So the Wolf and the Dog went towards the town together. On the way there the Wolf noticed that the hair on a certain part ofthe Dog's neck was very much worn away, so he asked him how thathad come about. "Oh, it is nothing," said the Dog. "That is only the placewhere the collar is put on at night to keep me chained up; itchafes a bit, but one soon gets used to it." "Is that all?" said the Wolf. "Then good-bye to you, MasterDog." Better starve free than be a fat slave.
The Wolf in Sheep's Clothing
A Wolf found great difficulty in getting at the sheep owing tothe vigilance of the shepherd and his dogs. But one day it foundthe skin of a sheep that had been flayed and thrown aside, so itput it on over its own pelt and strolled down among the sheep.The Lamb that belonged to the sheep, whose skin the Wolf waswearing, began to follow the Wolf in the Sheep's clothing; so,leading the Lamb a little apart, he soon made a meal off her, andfor some time he succeeded in deceiving the sheep, and enjoyinghearty meals. Appearances are deceptive.
The Shepherd's Boy
There was once a young Shepherd Boy who tended his sheep atthe foot of a mountain near a dark forest. It was rather lonelyfor him all day, so he thought upon a plan by which he could get alittle company and some excitement. He rushed down towards thevillage calling out "Wolf, Wolf," and the villagers came out tomeet him, and some of them stopped with him for a considerabletime. This pleased the boy so much that a few days afterwards hetried the same trick, and again the villagers came to his help.But shortly after this a Wolf actually did come out from theforest, and began to worry the sheep, and the boy of course criedout "Wolf, Wolf," still louder than before. But this time thevillagers, who had been fooled twice before, thought the boy wasagain deceiving them, and nobody stirred to come to his help. Sothe Wolf made a good meal off the boy's flock, and when the boycomplained, the wise man of the village said: "A liar will not be believed, even when he speaks the truth."
The Nurse and the Wolf
"Be quiet now," said an old Nurse to a child sitting on herlap. "If you make that noise again I will throw you to the Wolf." Now it chanced that a Wolf was passing close under the windowas this was said. So he crouched down by the side of the houseand waited. "I am in good luck to-day," thought he. "It is sureto cry soon, and a daintier morsel I haven't had for many a longday." So he waited, and he waited, and he waited, till at lastthe child began to cry, and the Wolf came forward before thewindow, and looked up to the Nurse, wagging his tail. But all theNurse did was to shut down the window and call for help, and thedogs of the house came rushing out. "Ah," said the Wolf as hegalloped away, "Enemies promises were made to be broken."
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1 comment:
It is true what you say about fables stereotyping a wolf as the bad guy always. Wolves have always been portrait as animals that would do anything just to get what they want and as if they are always hunting for innocents to do bad. It is interesting your question and in addition to it we don’t really see wolves in zoos to often or at least they are not the primary attraction. Maybe it’s their presence, wolves don’t look to sweet or friendly as oppose to lions or tigers even though they could be more dangerous than wolves. It seems to me that lions and tigers are more protective to their families while a wolf is seen like a loner who is hunting innocent creatures.
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